The basics
One idea per page — read them in order, or take only what you came for
- traceroute — why it does not show you the path you think it does
How traceroute and tracert work, where they came from, how to read their output, and why the list they print is not the route your packets actually travelled
- ping — the forty-year-old command still typed every day
The history, the mechanism and the output of ping, from the first line for someone who has never used it to the reasons a network engineer should not trust all of it